Geoscience Tags

Geoscience Tags > Tag based links for Centriole

The following links have been tagged centriole by users just like you, because these resources are off-site we cannot guarantee the accuracy or quality of any third-party information.

What is the function of centrioles?: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Vol. 100, No. 4. (2007), pp. 916-922.The function of centrioles has been controversial and remains incompletely resolved. This is because centrioles, in and of themselves, do not directly perform any physiological activity. Instead, their role is only to act as a jig or breadboard onto which other functional structures can be built. Centrioles are primarily involved in forming two structures - c entrosomes and cilia. Centrioles bias the position of spindle pole formation, but because spindle poles can self-organize, the function of the centriole in mitosis is not obligatory. Consequently, lack of centrioles does not generally prevent mitosis, although recent experiments suggest acentriolar spindles have reduced fidelity of chromosome segregation. In contrast, centrioles are absolutely required for the assembly of cilia, including primary cilia that act as cellular antennae. Consistent with this requirement, it is now becoming clear that many ciliary diseases, including nephronophthis is, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Meckel Syndrome, and Oral-Facial-Di gital syndrome, are caused by defects in centriole-asso ciated proteins. J. Cell. Biochem. 100: 916-922, 2007. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Wallace Marshall

Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Vol. 100, No. 4. (2007), pp. 916-922.
Rudimentary form of cellular "vision".: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 89, No. 17. (1 September 1992), pp. 8288-8292.BHK cells were inoculated sparsely on one face ("sparse- or s-face") of a thin glass film whose opposite face was covered with a 2- to 3-day-old confluent layer of BHK cells ("confluent- or c-face"). After 7 hr of attaching and spreading in the absence of visible light, most of the cells on the s-face traversed with their long axes the direction of the whorls of the confluent cells on the c-face directly opposed. The effect was inhibited by a thin metal coating of the glass films. The results suggest that the cells were able to detect the orientation of others by signals that penetrated glass but not thin metallic films and, therefore, appeared to be carried by electromagneti c radiation. In contrast, the effect was not influenced by a thin coat of silicone on the glass, suggesting that the wavelength of this radiation is likely to be in the red to infrared range. The ability of cells to detect the direction of others by electromagneti c signals points to a rudimentary form of cellular "vision."G Albrecht-Buehl er

Source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 89, No. 17. (1 September 1992), pp. 8288-8292.
Mitotic spindle assembly and chromosome segregation: refocusing on microtubule dynamics.: Mol Cell, Vol. 15, No. 3. (13 August 2004), pp. 317-327.The quest to find the underlying mechanisms of mitosis has taken many turns, which have largely been directed by the development of sensitive microscopes, enhanced microtubule-la beling techniques, advances in tubulin biochemistry, and genome-wide surveys to find the molecular "missing pieces" to the puzzle. Much of the work over the past decade has focused on the role of molecular motors in producing the necessary forces for spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. Recently, there has been a resurgence in research directed at understanding the intricate regulation of microtubule dynamics and organization during mitosis. This comes in part from the identification of new proteins involved in microtubule regulation as well as advances in fluorescence imaging that allow visualization of mitotic processes that previously have never been observed.SL Kline-Smith, CE Walczak

Source: Mol Cell, Vol. 15, No. 3. (13 August 2004), pp. 317-327.
Does the geometric design of centrioles imply their function?: Cell Motil, Vol. 1, No. 2. (1981), pp. 237-245.The paper suggests several principles of construction of a microscopicall y small device for locating the directions of signal sources in microscopic dimensions. It appears that the simplest and smallest device that is compatible with the scrambling influence of thermal fluctuations as are demonstrated by Brownian motion is a pair of cylinders oriented at right angles to each other. Nine equally spaced blades run in a pitched fashion along the mantle of each cylinder. The blades have a concave cross-section and bend around the circumference of the cylinder in a certain rotational pattern. Considering the striking similarity of this hypothetical device with centrioles, the paper puts forward the conjecture that centrioles locate the direction of hypothetical signals inside cells.G Albrecht-Buehl er

Source: Cell Motil, Vol. 1, No. 2. (1981), pp. 237-245.
The Mitotic Spindle: A Self-Made Machine: Science, Vol. 294, No. 5542. (19 October 2001), pp. 543-547.E Karsenti, I Vernos

Source: Science, Vol. 294, No. 5542. (19 October 2001), pp. 543-547.
Distribution of microfilament bundles during rotation of the nucleus in 3T3 cells treated with monensin.: Exp Cell Res, Vol. 163, No. 2. (April 1986), pp. 525-538.Cytosk eletal aspects of monensin-treat ed 3T3 cells with rotating nuclei were studied by immunofluoresc ence. The pattern of intermediate filaments and microtubules appeared unchanged when compared with control cells having a stationary nucleus. In contrast, the actin microfilament bundles appeared to have a consistent distribution in cells with rotating nuclei. Typically, we did not find long microfilament bundles that traverse the length of the cytoplasm of cells that were fixed at the time of nuclear rotation. Instead, there was a local distribution of short microfilament bundles situated ventrally to the nucleus and oriented at various angles to one another and to the predominant distribution of microfilament bundles in the cell. The observations suggest that the actin cytoskeleton is reorganized locally before or during rotation of the nucleus.SW Paddock, G Albrecht-Buehl er

Source: Exp Cell Res, Vol. 163, No. 2. (April 1986), pp. 525-538.
Is cytoplasm intelligent too?: Cell Muscle Motil, Vol. 6 (1985), pp. 1-21.G Albrecht-Buehl er

Source: Cell Muscle Motil, Vol. 6 (1985), pp. 1-21.
Autonomous movements of cytoplasmic fragments.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 77, No. 11. (November 1980), pp. 6639-6643.Tiny fragments from the cytoplasm of human skin fibroblasts with about 2% of the original cell volume ("microplasts" ) were prepared by treatment with cytochalasin B, vigorous pipetting, and trypsinization of the attached fragments. They remained alive for 8 hr or longer. Some of the microplasts were able to produce and move filopodia, ruffle, or both; others blebbed continuously. Slow flattening was observed in the larger microplasts. In all cases tested, microplasts avoided contact with other cells or microplasts. The observations suggest that the cytoplasmic matrix and the membranes of animal cells are so constructed as to express locally and autonomously any one of the elementary amoeboid movements listed above. More importantly, whatever types of motile surface projections a microplast expressed, it continued to produce and move them in a stereotypical way as if there were long-lived structural or material determinants for each type. The microplasts were unable to locomote autonomously. Therefore, it is conceivable that directional movement of whole cells may require a supervising mechanism that confers a certain coordination and strategy on its component cytoplasmic bits. Otherwise they would continue to move in stereotypical and autonomous ways without ever displacing themselves, as suggested by the behavior of the microplasts.G Albrecht-Buehl er

Source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 77, No. 11. (November 1980), pp. 6639-6643.
Filopodelike projections induced with dimethyl sulfoxide and their relevance to cellular polarity in Dictyostelium.: J Cell Biol, Vol. 96, No. 3. (March 1983), pp. 857-865.When 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was applied to Dictyostelium cells, the cells rounded up in shape and cytoplasmic streaming ceased. The cells resumed both cytoplasmic streaming and locomotion in 20 min. SDS PAGE of isolated plasma membrane fractions showed that actin and myosin apparently became dissociated from the plasma membrane by the action of DMSO. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that many filopodelike projections formed on the surface of cells treated with 5% DMSO for 5 min. Interestingly, the projections were formed on a restricted portion of the cell surface. The phagokinetic track technique of Albrecht-Buehl er (1977, Cell, 11: 395-404) showed that the projection region corresponded to the anterior part of a migrating cell. The possible relationship between the DMSO-induced projection region on the cell surface and intracellular organization of cell organelles was investigated using serial thin sections. The DMSO-induced projections contained arrays of microfilaments ; and the microtubule organizing center (MTOC), nucleus, and vesicular structure were usually located in this order from the anterior end of the cell. The indirect immunofluoresc ent study using monoclonal anti-alpha-tub ulin antibody was performed with a new fixation technique, which greatly improved the phase as well as immunofluoresc ent microscopy. It was verified that the intracellular positioning of the MTOC and nucleus had significant correlation with the cell polarity. The results show that DMSO is a powerful tool with which to manipulate the cellular microfilaments and to make visible the differentiatio n in the cortex layer, which apparently is relevant to the intracellular positioning of cell organelles and cell polarity.S Yumura, Y Fukui

Source: J Cell Biol, Vol. 96, No. 3. (March 1983), pp. 857-865.
Centrosome behavior under the action of a mitochondrial uncoupler and the effect of disruption of cytoskeleton elements on the uncoupler-indu ced alterations.: J Struct Biol, Vol. 113, No. 3. (c 1994), pp. 217-224.Carbon yl cyanide p-(trifluorome thoxy)phenylhy drazone (FCCP) induced in pig kidney embryo cells a loss of rhodamine 123 staining of mitochondria in 2-3 min. Within 5 min after FCCP inoculation of cells prestained with rhodamine 123, the diffuse staining of the cytoplasm was absent. FCCP did not induce changes in the cytoplasmic microtubule complex, but induced nonrandom (preferentiall y perpendicular to the substrate surface) orientation of maternal centrioles. Nonrandom orientation of maternal centrioles occurred 10 min after treatment and remained for 2 hr. At 30 min after introduction of the drug, FCCP treatment increased the mean number of pericentriolar satellites on maternal centrioles and the frequency of primary cilia. The percentage of centrioles perpendicular to the substrate induced by FCCP treatment was slightly increased by disruption of microtubules and slightly diminished by disruption of microfilaments . In both cases centrioles were oriented significantly differently from random (P < 0.01). These results suggest that microtubules are neither involved in the signaling pathway from plasma membrane to the centriole, nor do they anchor the centrioles perpendicular to the substrate, as proposed by Albrecht-Buehl er and Bushnell (Experimental Cell Research 120, 1979).IB Alieva, IA Vorobjev

Source: J Struct Biol, Vol. 113, No. 3. (c 1994), pp. 217-224.

If you would like to find additional social bookmark based links on the topic of centriole we recommend the Open Tag Directory > Centriole. If you would like to find related tags we recommend Tag Patterns > Centriole.